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KMID : 1156220180440060556
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Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
2018 Volume.44 No. 6 p.556 ~ p.562
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Estimation of Exposure to Boron from Children’s Slime Use in Korea
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Park Ji-Young
Lim Mi-Young
Lee Ki-Young
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Abstract
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Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the boron concentrations in 30 slime products and estimate children’s dermal exposure to boron.
Methods: Thirty slime products from online and offline stores were purchased for boron analysis. The boron content of each slime sample was analyzed using ICP-OES. A nationwide survey was performed to determine use patterns of slimes by a home-visit survey of 10,000 children divided into three age groups: 0-2, 3-6, and 712 years. The dermal exposure to boron was calculated using an exposure algorithm for child slime users.
Results: The proportion of the child population using slime was 45.8%, and the mean use frequency was 2.5±3.8 per week (range: 0.08-35). Mean time spent playing with slime was 19.6±11.3 min (range: 1-100). Twenty-five of the thirty slimes contained a boron concentration exceeding the EU limit for toys made with sticky material of 300 mg/kg. Dermal exposure ranged from 0.0008-13.78 μg/kg/day with the maximum weight fractions of boron in the 30 products. The dermal exposure estimate was the highest in 7-12 years old group.
Conclusion: Slime use among Korean children may cause high exposure to boron. Regulation is needed to minimize boron exposure from slime products.
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KEYWORD
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Slime, boron, boric acid, dermal exposure, exposure factor, children’s exposure
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